A Series of Unfortunate Events is a series of children's novels (or novellas) by Lemony Snicket Lemony Snicket is the legal nom de plume of American novelist Daniel Handler . Snicket is the author of several children's books, serving as the narrator of A Series of Unfortunate Events (his best known work) and appearing as a character within the series. Because of this, Lemony Snicket is both a fictional character and a real person. This (the nom de plume of American author Daniel Handler Daniel Handler is an author, screenwriter and accordionist. He is best known for his work under the pen name Lemony Snicket) which follows the turbulent lives of Violet Violet Baudelaire is one of the main characters in the popular children's book series, A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. In the film she is played by Emily Browning. Violet is the eldest child of the Baudelaire orphans. Her younger siblings are her younger brother Klaus and her baby sister Sunny. Violet is an inventor, and is known, Klaus Klaus Baudelaire is one of the main characters in the popular children's book series, A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket, and Sunny Baudelaire Sunny Baudelaire is one of the main characters from Lemony Snicket's series of books, A Series of Unfortunate Events. In the film she is portrayed by Kara and Shelby Hoffman after their parents' death in an arsonous house fire. The children are placed in the custody of their distant cousin Count Olaf Count Olaf is the primary antagonist of the children's book series A Series of Unfortunate Events (by Lemony Snicket). He is a stage and film actor as well as impresario, who begins to abuse them and openly plots to embezzle their inheritance. After the Baudelaires are removed from his care by their parents' estate executor, Arthur Poe Arthur Poe is a fictional character from the A Series of Unfortunate Events book series by Lemony Snicket. He is a banker in charge of the affairs of the Baudelaire orphans. He was their guardian for a short time in The Bad Beginning before it was arranged the Baudelaires would go and live with Count Olaf. He has a wife, Polly, and two children,, Olaf begins to doggedly hunt the children down, bringing about the serial slaughter and holocaust of a multitude of characters.

The entire series is actively narrated by Snicket, who makes numerous references to his mysterious, deceased love interest, Beatrice Beatrice Baudelaire is a fictional character in the novel series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. She is the mother of Violet, Klaus, and Sunny Baudelaire, the wife of Bertrand Baudelaire, the unrequited romance of Lemony Snicket, and a member of V.F.D. Both Snicket and Beatrice play roles in the story along with Snicket's family members The Snicket family is a prominent fictional family in the novel series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. The Snickets are Jewish in ancestry, all of whom are part of an overarching conspiracy known to the children only as "V.F.D. The Volunteer Fire Department is a secret organization dedicated to the promotion of literacy, classical learning, and crime prevention within the book series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. V.F.D. is an abbreviation for various terms related to the organization, which helps to increase the reader's confusion of what the initials"

Since the release of the first novel, The Bad Beginning The Bad Beginning is a novel by Daniel Handler, written under his pen name Lemony Snicket, and the first of thirteen books in the A Series of Unfortunate Events collection. It features the three recently orphaned Baudelaire children, 14-year-old Violet, 12-year-old Klaus and the infant Sunny, who are given into the care of a distant relative,, in September 1999, the books have gained significant popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide, spawning a film Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a 2004 black comedy film directed by Brad Silberling. It is based on the first three novels, The Bad Beginning, The Reptile Room, and The Wide Window, in Lemony Snicket's book series. The film stars Jim Carrey, Billy Connolly, Meryl Streep, Emily Browning, Liam Aiken, Timothy Spall, Catherine O', video game Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a 2004 game based on the Lemony Snicket book series and film. The game is based primarily on the movie, which in turn is based on the plots of the first three books of the series: The Bad Beginning, The Reptile Room and The Wide Window. Players take the roles of Violet, Klaus, and Sunny Baudelaire,, and assorted merchandise. The thirteen books in the series (or "tridecalogy") have collectively sold more than 60 million copies and have been translated into 41 languages.

Origins

The author of the series, Lemony Snicket (Daniel Handler), has said in an interview with online entertainment-magazine The A.V. Club The A.V. Club is an entertainment newspaper and website published by The Onion. It comes included with the print editions of The Onion, and maintains its own separate website. Unlike its parent publication, The A.V. Club is non-satirical, though it generally maintains a humorous, snarky tone. It reviews newly released films, books, comics, music, that he decided to write a children's story when he was trying to find a publisher for his first novel, The Basic Eight The Basic Eight is the debut novel by authour Daniel Handler published in 1998. The book is full of sarcastic plot devices that poke fun at high school English classes and standardized testing. For example, Handler labels foreshadowing explicitly as such. In addition to creating a farce on high school English, he includes vocabulary words and.^[1] One of the publishers, HarperCollins HarperCollins is a publishing company owned by News Corporation. It is the combination of the publishers William Collins, Sons and Co Ltd, a British company, and Harper & Row, an American company, itself the result of an earlier merger of Harper & Brothers and Row, Peterson & Company. The worldwide CEO of HarperCollins is Brian Murray passed on The Basic Eight, but they were interested in his writing a story for children. Snicket thought it was a terrible idea at first, but met with the publishers to discuss the book. They challenged him to write the book he wished he could have read when he was ten. He retooled a manuscript he had for a mock-Gothic book for adults,^[2] which became a "Gothic novel about children growing up through terrible things", a concept which the publishers liked, to Handler's surprise. The first book in the series was The Bad Beginning The Bad Beginning is a novel by Daniel Handler, written under his pen name Lemony Snicket, and the first of thirteen books in the A Series of Unfortunate Events collection. It features the three recently orphaned Baudelaire children, 14-year-old Violet, 12-year-old Klaus and the infant Sunny, who are given into the care of a distant relative,, released September 30, 1999.

Plot summary

The series follows the adventures of three very clever siblings; the Baudelaire orphans. Violet Baudelaire Violet Baudelaire is one of the main characters in the popular children's book series, A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket. In the film she is played by Emily Browning. Violet is the eldest child of the Baudelaire orphans. Her younger siblings are her younger brother Klaus and her baby sister Sunny. Violet is an inventor, and is known, the oldest, is fourteen when the books begin; she is an incredible inventor. Klaus Baudelaire Klaus Baudelaire is one of the main characters in the popular children's book series, A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket, the middle child, is twelve when the books begin; he loves books and is an extraordinary reader. Sunny Baudelaire Sunny Baudelaire is one of the main characters from Lemony Snicket's series of books, A Series of Unfortunate Events. In the film she is portrayed by Kara and Shelby Hoffman is a baby in the beginning of the series. She has four very sharp teeth and loves to bite things and speaks in random phrases- her English improves as the series goes on. In The End, she finally learns to speak properly. She also develops a love for cooking Cooking is the process of preparing food by applying heat. Cooks select and combine ingredients using a wide range of tools and methods. In the process, the flavor, texture, appearance, and chemical properties of the ingredients can change. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, reflecting unique environmental, economic,.

The children become orphans after their parents are killed in a fire at the family mansion. In The Bad Beginning, they are sent to live with a distant relative named Count Olaf Count Olaf is the primary antagonist of the children's book series A Series of Unfortunate Events (by Lemony Snicket). He is a stage and film actor as well as impresario after briefly living with Mr. Poe, a banker in charge of the orphan's affairs. Count Olaf orders the siblings to cook and clean in his gloomy, dirty house. The siblings discover that he intends to get his hands on the enormous Baudelaire fortune, which awaits Violet when she turns eighteen. In the first book, he attempts to marry Violet, pretending it is the plot for his latest play, but the plan falls through when Klaus reads up on marriage law Marriage is a social union or legal contract between individuals that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found. Such a union may also be called matrimony, while the ceremony that marks.^[3]

In each of the first seven books, Olaf disguises himself, finds the children wherever they are, and with help from his many accomplices tries to steal their fortune, committing arson, murder, and other atrocities along the way. Their roles switch in the eighth through twelfth books, in which the orphans adopt disguises while on the run from the police after being framed by Count Olaf. The Baudelaires routinely try to get help from Mr. Poe, but he, like many of the adults in the series, is oblivious to the dangerous reality of the children's situation.

As the books continue, the three children uncover more and more of the mystery surrounding their parents' deaths and soon find that their parents were in a secret organization Secret society is a term used to describe clubs or organisations in which the activities and inner functioning of those societies is concealed from non-members. The society may or may not attempt to conceal its existence. The term usually excludes covert groups, such as intelligence agencies or guerrilla insurgencies, which hide their activities, V.F.D., along with several of their guardians.

The siblings are followed by misfortune wherever they go, but occasionally something good happens. In the fifth book, Violet, Klaus and Sunny make friends with the Quagmires, also orphans who lost their parents in a fire which is suspected not to be a mere coincidence. In The Slippery Slope Violet shares a tender moment with Quigley Quagmire (it is never detailed exactly what happened), who was originally believed to have died in the same fire that killed his parents. In The Grim Grotto Klaus falls in love with Fiona, who later breaks his heart by leaving them to live with her brother, one of Count Olaf's accomplices. In the end, the Baudelaires must rely on their strengths and each other in order to uncover the mystery and finally find a place they can call home.

Each of the three siblings has a distinctive skill that often helps them in dire situations. Violet always invents things to help them, Klaus always finds out information from books, and Sunny has extremely sharp teeth that can bite almost anything into pieces.^[2] In later books Sunny begins to grow normal size teeth and learns how to cook, and that becomes her primary skill.

In the early books Sunny speaks in single word utterances which are often a variety of incomplete sentences or short word sentences. Their meaning is disguised by being spelled phonetically: 'surchim' in The Slippery Slope; backwards: 'edasurc' [crusade] in The Carnivorous Carnival, and 'cigam'[magic] in The Miserable Mill; through cultural references: 'Matahari', followed by a definition of 'If I stay, I can spy on them and find out.'; phrases: 'Kikbucit?', the phonetic spelling of "kick the bucket", i.e. dying, in The End thereby asking if Count Olaf is dead; references to people: "Bushcheny" to describe Count Olaf, followed by the definition of "you are a vile man who has no regard for anyone else"; or being written in other languages: "Shalom" or "Sayonara." Eventually she begins to speak in more complete English sentences.

Setting

The books seem to be set in an alternate , "timeless"^[4] version of Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the World, the Blue Planet,[note 6] or by its Latin name, Terra.[note 7] with stylistic similarities to both the 19th century and the 1930s, though with contemporary, and seemingly anachronistic An anachronism—from the Greek ανά and χρόνος (chronos: time)—is an error in chronology, especially a chronological misplacing of persons, events, objects, or customs in regard to each other. The item is often an object, but may be a verbal expression, a technology, a philosophical idea, a musical style, a material, a custom, or scientific knowledge Science is a systematic enterprise of gathering knowledge about nature and organizing and condensing that knowledge into testable laws and theories. As knowledge has increased, some methods have proved more reliable than others, and today the scientific method is the standard for science. It includes the use of careful observation, experimentation,. One example of this "technological disconnect" is documented in The Hostile Hospital The Hostile Hospital is the eighth novel in the book series A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket, where the Baudelaire children send a message via Morse code Morse code is a method of transmitting textual information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment. The International Morse Code encodes the Roman alphabet, the Arabic numerals and a small set of punctuation and procedural signals as standardized on a telegraph, yet in the Last Chance General Store The general store or general merchandise store is a store that carries a general line of merchandise, there is fiber-optic cable An optical fiber is made up of the core , the cladding (reflecting the light pulses back into the core) and the buffer coating (protecting the core and cladding from moisture, damage, etc). Together, all of this creates a fiber optic which can carry up to 10 million messages at any time using light pulses. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied for sale.^[5] An "advanced computer" appears in The Austere Academy, which, while outdated by current standards, is nonetheless more advanced than the earliest computers.^[6] The setting of the world has been compared to Edward Scissorhands Edward Scissorhands is a 1990 American romantic fantasy film directed by Tim Burton and starring Johnny Depp. The film shows the story of an artificial man named Edward, an unfinished creation, who has scissors for hands. Edward is taken in by a suburban family and falls in love with their teenage daughter Kim. Supporting roles are portrayed by in that it is "suburban Suburb mostly refers to a residential area. They may be the residential areas of a city, or separate residential communities within commuting distance of a city. Some suburbs have a degree of political autonomy, and most have lower population density than inner city neighborhoods. Modern suburbs grew in the 20th century as a result of improved gothic Gothic fiction is a genre of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. As a genre, it is generally believed to have been invented by the English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto".^[4] Although the film version sets the Baudelaires' mansion in the city of Boston, Massachusetts Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ ) is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is sometimes regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact. Boston city proper had a 2008 estimated population of 620,5, real places rarely appear in the books, although many are mentioned. For example, in The Reptile Room, Uncle Monty and the Baudelaires plan a trip to Peru Peru (pronounced /pəˈru/ ; Spanish: Perú, Quechua: Piruw, Aymara: Piruw), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú, pronounced [reˈpuβlika ðel peˈɾu] ( listen)), is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south; there are also references to the fictional nobility of North American regions, specifically the Duchess of Winnipeg Winnipeg (pronounced /ˈwɪnɪpɛɡ/ ) is the capital and largest city of Manitoba, Canada, and is the primary municipality in the Winnipeg Capital Region, which is home to more than sixty percent of Manitoba's population. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers (a point now and the King of Arizona Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912 - the 50th anniversary of Arizona's recognition as a territory of the United States. Arizona is noted for its desert climate, exceptionally hot summers, and mild winters, however it also features pine forests and mountain. A book in Jerome and Esmé Squalor's library was titled Trout, In France They're Out.^[7]

Recurring themes and concepts

The majority of the books in A Series of Unfortunate Events pick up where the previous book ended, and the plots of the first seven books follow the same basic pattern: each book is thirteen chapters long (only exception for The End where there are actually fourteen chapters making for 170 chapters in total), where the Baudelaires are in a new predicament in a new location with a new guardian who has a literary name Pseudonyms are often used to hide an individual's real identity, as with writers' pen names, graffiti artists' tags, resistance fighters' or terrorists' noms de guerre, and computer hackers' handles. Actors, musicians, and other performers sometimes use stage names, for example, to mask their ethnic backgrounds. Stage names are also used as.^[4] The location of each book's critical events is usually identified in the book's title. Handler works the siblings' respective skills into the story line. Violet always has something to invent, Klaus always finds a library to do research in, and in the early books, Sunny always finds something to chew on or, in later books, cook, as she begins to grow into her teeth and develops culinary skills (except in The Miserable Mill, where Violet and Klaus swap roles, Klaus being the inventor and Violet the researcher).

Lemony Snicket frequently explains words and analogies in incongruous detail. When describing a word the reader may not be aware of, he typically says "a word which here means...".^[2] Sometimes when an adult person is saying what a word means Klaus would say that he and his siblings know what the word means unless Klaus sees there is no point in saying so. For example:

Mr. Poe: perish, by the way means ________ ______ _______.

Klaus: We know what perish means.

Despite the general absurdity of the books' storyline, Lemony Snicket continuously maintains that the story is true and that it is his "solemn duty" to record it. Snicket often goes off into humorous or satirical asides, discussing his opinions of various matters, or his personal life. The details of his supposed personal life are largely absurd, incomplete and not explained in detail. For example, Snicket claims to have been chased by an angry mob for sixteen miles. However, some details of his life are explained somewhat in his fictional autobiography, Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography was first released on May 1, 2002. The book's content relates to the author Lemony Snicket and his series of books, A Series of Unfortunate Events. Although it is labeled "Unauthorized" for humor, the book is in fact official and considered a supplementary material for the series. The plot.

Lemony Snicket's narration and commentary is characteristically cynical and despondent. In the excerpt for each book, Snicket warns of the misery the reader may experience in reading about the Baudelaire orphans and suggests abandoning the books altogether. However, he also provides ample comic relief Comic Relief is a British charity organisation which was founded in the United Kingdom in 1985 by the comedy scriptwriter Richard Curtis and Alexander Mendis in response to famine in Ethiopia. The highlight of Comic Relief's appeal is Red Nose Day, a bi-annual telethon held in March. Comic Relief is one of the two high profile telethon events held with wry, dark humor. In the excerpt for The Grim Grotto, he writes: "[...] the horrors [the Baudelaire children] encounter are too numerous to list, and you wouldn't even want me to describe the worst of it, which includes mushrooms, a desperate search for something lost, a mechanical monster, a distressing message from a lost friend and tap-dancing".^[8] Snicket's narration has been described as "self-conscious" and "post-modern".

Snicket displays a great aversion to macabre elements, but also gives off a sense of squeamishness with passages like the above excerpt. When giving accounts of bravery or resilience on the part of the Baudelaires, Snicket often calls himself a coward either explicitly or otherwise. His tone betrays admiration for the children as well as his own severe insecurity. This contrast between the Baudelaires' actions and Lemony Snicket's bemused, reverent reactions underscores one of the themes of the books. By emphasizing the vitality of the Baudelaire orphans, Daniel Handler seems to urge the reader to find courage in him or herself and in his or her friends and if not to challenge despondence then at least to take it with a grain of salt. In this way he uses the persona of Lemony Snicket as a foil A foil's complementary role may be emphasized by physical characteristics. A foil usually differs drastically. For example in Cervantes' Don Quixote, the dreamy and impractical Quixote is thin in contrast to his companion, the realistic and practical Sancho Panza, who is fat. Another popular fictional character, Sherlock Holmes, is tall and lean; for the Baudelaires.

Snicket translates for the youngest Baudelaire orphan, Sunny, who in the early books can say only words or phrases that make sense to her siblings. This becomes less common as Sunny begins to speak real words, one of her first longer sentences in the series being "I'm not a baby" to her sister Violet in The Slippery Slope.^[9] The words she uses are often from another language, such as "Arigato" ("thank you" in Japanese Japanese (日本語?, [nihoŋɡo] ) is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic (or Japanese-Ryukyuan) language family. There are a number of proposed relationships with other languages, but none of them has gained unanimous acceptance. Japanese is an agglutinative) when thanking Quigley, or a cultural reference.^[10]

When describing a character whom the Baudelaires have met before, Snicket often describes the character first and does not reveal the name of the character until they have been thoroughly described. Lemony Snicket starts each book with a "post-modern dissection of the reading experience" before linking it back to how he presents the story of the Baudelaires and what their current situation is. Snicket often uses alliteration Alliteration is a literary or rhetorical stylistic device that consists in repeating the same consonant sound at the beginning of two or more words in close succession. An example is the Mother Goose tongue-twister, "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers …" (repeated starting sounds on consecutive words) to name locations throughout the story. He uses this writing technique for the titles of the books (the only exception being the final book, The End).^[10]

A theme which becomes more prevalent as the series continues is the simultaneous importance and worthlessness of secrets. In the final book, The End, the concept is especially important, as demonstrated by a several page long discussion of the phrase In the dark. Ultimately, however, the mystery of the Baudelaire orphans is never solved. The vast secret consisting of the V.F.D., Count Olaf, the orphans' parents, and so forth remains a mystery. There are several possible interpretations of this — that secrets are unimportant, or that some things are best left unsolved, for example. Clues pointing towards the semi-de facto ending were in the introductions to the books by Lemony Snicket, as we are constantly told to put the books down, and that they will not end well.

Social commentary Social commentary is the act of rebelling against an individual, or a group of people by rhetorical means. This is most often done with the idea of implementing or promoting change by informing the general populace about a given problem and appealing to people's sense of justice is a major element in the books, which often comment on the seemingly inescapable follies of human nature Human nature is the concept that there is a set of inherent distinguishing characteristics, including ways of thinking, feeling and acting, that humans tend to have. Although the books are melodramatic The term melodrama refers to a dramatic work which exaggerates plot and characters in order to appeal to the emotions. It may also refer to the genre which includes such works, or to language, behavior, or events which resemble them. It is also used in scholarly and historical musical contexts to refer to dramas of the 18th and 19th centuries in and escapist The term is not used favorably, though the condemnation contained in it may be slight. Those who defend works described as escapist from the charge either assert that they are not escapist—such as, a science fiction novel's satiric aspects address real life—or defend the notion of "escape" as such, not "escapism"—as in J, they also depict "the sinister menace of an all-too-real adult world". The books consistently present the Baudelaire children as free-thinking Freethought is a philosophical viewpoint that holds that opinions should be formed on the basis of science, logic, and reason, and should not be influenced by authority, tradition, or any dogma. The cognitive application of freethought is known as freethinking, and practitioners of freethought are known as freethinkers and independent, while the adults around them obey authority and succumb to mob psychology Crowd psychology is a branch of social psychology. Ordinary people can typically gain direct power by acting collectively. Historically, because large groups of people have been able to bring about dramatic and sudden social change in a manner that bypasses established due process, they have also provoked controversy. Social scientists have, peer pressure, ambition and other social ills. A high account is given to learning: those who are "well-read" are often sympathetic characters, while those who shun knowledge are villains.

The books have strong themes of moral relativism, as the Baudelaires become more confused during the course of the series about the difference between right and wrong, feeling they have done wicked things themselves and struggling with the question of whether the end justifies the means. In the final book, in an allusion to the Book of Genesis, a snake offers the children a life-giving apple.

Evil characters are shown to have sympathetic characteristics and often have led difficult lives. Similarly, good characters' flaws become major problems. Almost every major character in the books has lived a life as difficult as that of the Baudelaires, especially the villains. The books highlight the inevitability of temptation and moral decision-making, regardless of external situation. This indicates that regardless of one's outside influences, one always has the final choice in whether they will be good or bad. Characters that make brave decisions to fight back and take charge are almost always "good" and characters that just go along end up as "bad". However, people are also described as being neither good nor bad, but a mix of both.

At the end of each book, there is a letter to the editor, which explains to the editor how to get a manuscript of the next book. Snicket is writing from the location of the next book and reveals its title. Snicket notes that the editors will find various objects along with the manuscript, all of them having some impact in the story. For the first three books, the letters are on ordinary pieces of paper. However, starting with the fourth book (which previews the fifth book) each letter has a specific quality to do with the next book, such as torn edges, fancy stationary, sopping wet paper, or telegram form. The letters change dramatically starting with the letter previewing The Carnivorous Carnival. For this preview letter, the letter is ripped to shreds. Only a few scraps remain, one of them showing the title. The remaining letters are difficult to read, and some do not even show the title at all. At the end of The Carnivorous Carnival, there are only a few letters visible, one showing the title, which Lemony Snicket makes an excuse that his typewriter is occasionally freezing due to the cold air in the Mortmain Mountains. The Grim Grotto's preview letter has sopping ink. At the end of The Grim Grotto, there are several letters and each of them is torn in half. The letter (which is written on a napkin) previewing the last book in the series simply reads: "To My Kind Editor: The End is near. With all due respect, Lemony Snicket." Without explicitly revealing it, Snicket shows the name of the final book: The End.

There is also a full page picture at the end, showing the state of the orphans, and a hint as to what the next book will be about. This is done usually by showing a flyer drifting by, though sometimes also by a significant object- e.g., a snake at the end of The Bad Beginning, referring to the 'incredibly deadly viper,' and at the end of The Penultimate Peril the helmet containing the Medusoid Mycelium is shown.

Allusions

To see more examples of allusions to literature and the real world in A Series of Unfortunate Events, see the individual article for any book in the series.

While the books are marketed primarily to children, they are written with adult readers also in mind; the series features references more likely to make sense to adults. Many of the characters' names allude to other fictional works or real people with macabre connections. More obscure literary references abound,^[2] perhaps in keeping with the common theme of being "well-read".

For example, the Baudelaire orphans are named after Charles Baudelaire, and Sunny and Klaus take their first names from Claus and Sunny von Bülow,^[11] while Mr. Poe may be a reference to Edgar Allan Poe.^[12] (One should also take note that Mr. Poe has two sons, Edgar and Albert, the first making a reference to Poe's first name, the second sharing the same letter as his middle) Strangely, Charles Baudelaire met Edgar Allan Poe, Allan had died from a disease of coughing blood, and Mr. Poe often suffers from a terrible cough throughout the series. In the second book, "The Reptile Room", the Baudelaire orphans are taken in by Uncle Monty, the famed herpetologist. Monty's name is presumably a reference to the English absurdist comedy troupe Monty Python. Another example would be, Isadora and Duncan Quagmire, who are named for the famous American ballet dancer, Isadora Duncan. Jerome and Esmé Squalor's names reference Jerome David "J. D." Salinger and his short story "For Esme with Love and Squalor" In book nine, "The Carnivorous Carnival", the story takes place at Caligari Carnival; this is a nod to 1920 film, "The Cabinet of Doctor Caligari" about the eponymous carnival hypnotist who works alongside a troupe of freaks. Also, most or all of the inhabitants of the island in which the Baudelaires find themselves on in The End are characters from The Tempest, a play by William Shakespeare. This links together using word play when Kit Snicket tells the orphans about her story. Historical references are made in the fifth book where Nero, a violin playing head master, is named after the Roman emperor Nero who, as legend says, played the fiddle as Rome burned. The books are all dedicated to a woman named Beatrice, who is supposed to be Lemony Snicket's ex- fiancé .

Genre

This series is most commonly classified as children's fiction, but it has also been classified in more specific genres such as gothic literature, or some variety thereof, whether it is mock-gothic,^[2][13] a satire of gothic literature,^[14] neo-Victorian^[15] or "suburban gothic".^[4]

Other genres that the series have been described as are absurdist fiction, because of its strange characters, quirky writing style and improbable storylines and black comedy,^[16][17] because of the mix of humorous and macabre elements. They have also been classified as 'steampunk',^[18] in that they involve anachronistic settings and technology, but can also be classified as adventure.

Distribution

Books

The series includes thirteen novels as follows:^[19]

1. The Bad Beginning (1999)
2. The Reptile Room (1999)
3. The Wide Window (2000)
4. The Miserable Mill (2000)
5. The Austere Academy (2000)
6. The Ersatz Elevator (2001)
7. The Vile Village (2001)
8. The Hostile Hospital (2002)
9. The Carnivorous Carnival (2002)
10. The Slippery Slope (2003)
11. The Grim Grotto (2004)
12. The Penultimate Peril (2005)
13. The End (2006)

There are books that accompany the series, such as The Beatrice Letters,^[20] Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography,^[21] and The Puzzling Puzzles;^[22] journals The Blank Book^[23] and The Notorious Notations;^[24] and short materials such as The Dismal Dinner and 13 Shocking Secrets You'll Wish You Never Knew About Lemony Snicket. The books were at one point published at the rate of three or four books per year.^[4] The endpapers were "designed in a suitably Victorian style", with cloth binding on the spines matching the colours of the cover.

A paperback release of the full series, featuring restyled covers, new illustrations and a serial supplement entitled The Cornucopian Cavalcade is in progress, with The Bad Beginning: or, Orphans!, The Reptile Room: or, Murder!, and The Wide Window: or, Disappearance! currently published.^[25]

Humorous quotes from the series were used in a book published under the Snicket name, Horseradish: Bitter Truths You Can't Avoid.^[26]

In an interview with the 667 Dark Avenue fansite, Daniel Handler alluded to more Lemony Snicket books focused on the world of A Series of Unfortunate Events.^[27]

Every book's dedication is to a woman named Beatrice, who is supposedly the dead beloved of Lemony Snicket, who married another and died before the events of the books.

Every book in the main series has a clue in a form of a picture about the next book at the end of the book that can be seen before the letters to the editor. At the end of "Chapter Fourteen", however, a shape of a question mark is seen in the picture (possibly the Great Unknown from books 11 and 13).

Audio

Audio books

Most of the series of unabridged audio books are read by actor Tim Curry, though Handler as Lemony Snicket reads books 3 to 5. Of narrating the audio books, Handler has said: "It was very, very hard. It was unbelievably arduous. It was the worst kind of arduous."^[28] As such, future narrating duties were handed back to Curry, of whom Handler states: "he does a splendid job".^[28] The “Dear Reader” blurb is usually read by Handler (as Snicket) at the beginning, although it is missing in The Hostile Hospital. Handler usually reads the 'To my Kind Editor' blurb about the next book at the end. Starting at 'The Carnivourous Carnival' there is another actor who replaces Handler in reading the two blurbs, although they are skipped entirely in The Grim Grotto. All of the recordings include a loosely related song by The Gothic Archies, a novelty band of which Handler is a member, featuring lyrics by Handler's Magnetic Fields bandmate Stephin Merritt.^[29]

Album

In October 2006, The Tragic Treasury: Songs from A Series of Unfortunate Events by The Gothic Archies was released. The album is a collection of thirteen songs written and performed by Stephin Merritt (of The Magnetic Fields), each one originally appearing on one of the corresponding thirteen audiobooks of the series. Two bonus songs are included.^[29]

Film

Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is a film adaptation of the first three titles in the series, mixing the various events and characters into one coherent story. It was released on December 17, 2004.^[30] Directed by Brad Silberling, it stars Jim Carrey as Count Olaf, Meryl Streep as Aunt Josephine, Billy Connolly as Uncle Monty, Emily Browning as Violet, Liam Aiken as Klaus, Timothy Spall as Mr. Poe, and Jude Law as the voice of Lemony Snicket.^[31] The film was successful, but many viewers who had read the books were disappointed, as the movie only loosely related to the book. The movie was also criticized because the movie was comical, when the books were solemn and serious with occasional wry humor.^[32]

Considering the success of the movie, the director and some of the lead actors hinted that they are keen on making a sequel, but no one has written a script as of yet.

When I took the decision to take the movie I said I’d obviously do it with the right to refusal, I’m not going to give in to anything. I asked the studio how they were going to deal with the sequel. But they didn’t want to talk about it until the first film was out. It’s amazing; a script has not yet been worked on for the sequel, which I find a bit baffling. —Brad Silberling, ^[33]

Browning has said that further films would have to be produced quickly, as the children do not age much throughout the book series.^[34] Violet and Klaus both have a birthday in the series (Klaus turns 13 in The Vile Village and Violet turns 15 in The Grim Grotto), Sunny becomes a toddler, and in Chapter Fourteen, the children have been castaways for exactly a year. All in all, the children can appear, at most, two years older than they were in The Bad Beginning.

Daniel Handler has stated in a Bookslut Interview that another Film is in the works, but has been delayed by corporate shake-ups at Paramount. In June 2009, Silberling confirmed he still talked about the project with Handler, and suggested the sequel be a stop motion film because the lead actors have grown too old. "In an odd way, the best thing you could do is actually have Lemony Snicket say to the audience, 'Okay, we pawned the first film off as a mere dramatization with actors. Now I'm afraid I’m going to have to show you the real thing.'"^[35]

The film takes place in and around Boston, Massachusetts: The envelope at the end of the film is addressed to Boston, Mass.^[36] Perhaps incidentally, Viacom, Paramount's parent, owned two TV stations in Boston at the time of the film's release: CBS affiliate WBZ-TV, and UPN affiliate WSBK-TV (they are now owned by CBS Corporation).

The film's plot, because based upon only the first three novels in the series, hugely varied from the books, with a fast resolution, which also varies from the books.

Video game

A video game based on the books and film (more so the film, as the name and many plot elements seen in the movie but not the book are seen) was released in 2004 by Adrenium Games and Activision for the PlayStation 2, GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance, and the PC as Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. The player plays as all three orphans at points in the game, and encounters characters such as Mr. Poe, Uncle Monty and Aunt Josephine, along with villains such as Count Olaf, the hook-handed man, the white-faced women, and the bald-headed man.^[37] The game, like the movie, follows only the first three books in the series. Although never mentioned in the game there are some references to V.F.D. such as while in the first level a package is delivered from the "Very Fast Delivery Service." The note attached to the package also reads at the end "P.S. The world is quiet here," which is the motto of V.F.D.

Board game

A board game based on the books was distributed by Mattel in 2004, prior to the movie. "The Perilous Parlor Game" is for 2-4 players, ages 8 and up. One player assumes the role of Count Olaf, and the other players play the Baudelaire children. Count Olaf's objective in the game is to eliminate the guardian, while the children try to keep the guardian alive. The game employs Clever Cards, Tragedy Cards, Secret Passage Tiles, and Disguise Tiles in play.

Card game

"The Catastrophic Card Game" is the second game based on the books. In this card game, players are looking to complete sets of characters. There are 4 different sets: The Baudelaire Orphans, Count Olaf in Disguise, Olaf's Henchmen and the Orphans Confidants. Players take turns drawing a card from either the draw pile or the top card from the discard pile in hopes of completing their sets. For 2 - 4 Players, Ages 14 and under

Reception

Reviews

Reviews for A Series of Unfortunate Events have generally been positive, with reviewers saying that the series is enjoyable for children and adults alike,^[38] and that it brings fresh and adult themes to children's stories.^[39] The Times Online refer to the books as "a literary phenomenon", and discuss how the plight of the Baudelaire orphans helps children cope with loss—citing the rise in sales post September 11, 2001 as evidence.^[40] Although the series has often been compared to Harry Potter due to the young heroes and the sales of the two series, reviewer Bruce Butt feels that the series' tone is closer to Roald Dahl and Philip Ardagh.^[4] Handler acknowledges Edward Gorey and Roald Dahl as influences.^[2] Mackey attributes the series' success to the "topsy-turvy moral universe".^[41]

Criticism

The series has come under criticism from some school districts for its dark themes. Citing objections to the suggested incest (referring to Olaf's attempt to marry his distant niece Violet in The Bad Beginning, although his motivation was not sexual in nature, but rather an attempt to gain her inheritance)^[2] and use of the word "damn" in The Reptile Room. Handler later commented that the word's use was "precipitated by a long discussion of how one should never say this word, since only a villain would do so vile a thing! This is exactly the lily-liveredness of children's books that I can't stand."^[42] Access to the books was similarly restricted at Katy ISD Elementary School, Katy, Fort Bend County, Texas.^[43]

The series has also been criticized for formulaic and repetitive storytelling.^[44]

Sales

A Series of Unfortunate Events has been printed in 41 different languages,^[45] selling at least fifty-five million copies as of May 2007.^[46]

Awards

In addition to its strong reviews, the The Bad Beginning won multiple literary awards, including the Colorado Children's Book Award, the Nevada Young Readers Award and the Nene Award.^[47] It was also a finalist for the Book Sense Book of the Year.^[48] Its sequels have continued this trend, garnishing multiple awards and nominations. Among these are three IRA/CBC Children's Choice Awards, which it received for The Wide Window,^[49] The Vile Village,^[50] and The Hostile Hospital;^[51] a best book prize at the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards,^[52] and a 2006 Quill Book Award,^[53] both for the Penultimate Peril. While not technically awards, the Ersatz Elevator was named a Book Sense 76 Pick,^[54] and The Grim Grotto is an Amazon.com Customers' Favorite.^[55]

In popular culture

• In Arthur episode "Fern & Persimmony Glitchet", the series is parodied with Fern writing letters to Lemony's counterpart about writing. Lemony is portrayed as a real and very secretive writer involved in dangerous work (like the fictional writer of the series). At the end of the episode, the gang goes to the signing for a non-existent 14th book in the series.
• In The Simpsons episode "Bonfire of the Manatees", Fat Tony plans to shoot an adult movie called Lemony Lick-It's A Series of Horny Events, parodying Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, the movie version of the book series.

External links

• Official website
• A Series of Unfortunate Events series listing at the Internet Book List
• Exclusive 667 Dark Avenue interview
• Lemony Snicket official website

References

1. ^ Lemony Snickets - AVClub.com - Interview by Tasha Robinson, November 16, 2005. Retrieved June 13, 2007.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} "The Mysterious Mr. Snicket". Salon.com. http://archive.salon.com/mwt/feature/2000/08/17/snicket/index.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
3. ^ Snicket, Lemony (1999). The Bad Beginning. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064407667.
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Butt, Bruce (December 2003). "‘He's behind you!’: Reflections on Repetition and Predictability in Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events". Children‘s Literature in Education (Springer) 34 (4): 277–286. doi:10.1023/B:CLID.0000004895.65809.71.
5. ^ Snicket, Lemony (2001). The Hostile Hospital. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064408663.
6. ^ Snicket, Lemony (2000). The Austere Academy. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064408639.
7. ^ Snicket, Lemony (2001). The Ersatz Elevator. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064408647.
8. ^ Snicket, Lemony (2004). The Grim Grotto. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064410145.
9. ^ Snicket, Lemony (2003). The Slippery Slope. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064410137.
10. ^ ^{a b} Snicket, Lemony (2006). The End. A Series of Unfortunate Events. HarperCollins. ISBN 0064410161.
11. ^ "Lemony Snicket". Quidditch.com. http://www.quidditch.com/lemony%20snicket.htm. Retrieved 2007-01-06.
12. ^ "Biography for Daniel Handler". IMDb. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1274516/bio. Retrieved 2007-01-06.
13. ^ Leopold, Todd (2002-08-08). "Author suggests you read something else - Making light of 'A Series of Unfortunate Events'". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/books/08/08/lemony.snicket/index.html. Retrieved 2007-10-06.
14. ^ Redmond, Moira. "Tales of a Seventh-Grade Scare Tactic - The new Gothicism of children's books". Slate Magazine. http://www.slate.com/?id=2066314. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
15. ^ Fierman, Daniel. "Lemony Snicket is the new Harry Potter". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,238386~5~~,00.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
16. ^ "Lemony Who?". ansible.co.uk. http://www.ansible.co.uk/sfx/sfx098.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
17. ^ Dargis, Manohla. "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events (2004)". New York Times. http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/movie.html?v_id=286685. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
18. ^ "Futeishi Anime Dictionary - Dictionary of Anime Fandom". dictionary.lunaescence.com. http://dictionary.lunaescence.com/index.php?s=steampunk. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
19. ^ "The Bothersome Books". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/books.cfm. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
20. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events: The Beatrice Letters". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=97490&type=hardcover. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
21. ^ "Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=86072&type=paperback. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
22. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events: The Puzzling Puzzles". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=97485&type=hardcover. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
23. ^ "The Blank Book". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=97476&type=hardcover. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
24. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events: The Notorious Notations". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=97489&type=hardcover. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
25. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/Paperback/. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
26. ^ "Horseradish: Bitter Truths You Can’t Avoid". lemonysnicket.com. http://www.lemonysnicket.com/descpage.cfm?bookid=71452&type=hardcover. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
27. ^ "The Insidious Inquiries: 21 Questions, 21 Answers". proboards. http://asoue.proboards11.com/index.cgi?board=documents&action=display&thread=1184328101. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
28. ^ ^{a b} "Talking With Lemony Snicket". audiofilemagazine.com. http://audiofilemagazine.com/features/A1464.html. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
29. ^ ^{a b} "Gothic Archies Theme Songs for Lemony Snicket Audio Books". houseoftomorrow.com. http://www.houseoftomorrow.com/archives/000002.php. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
30. ^ "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events (2004)". IMDb. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0339291/. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
31. ^ "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events". unfortunateeventsmovie.com. http://www.unfortunateeventsmovie.com/main_flash.html. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
32. ^

    “	I'm sorry to say that the book you are holding in your hands is extremely boring. If you are looking for a good time, you would have a better time watching a motion picture starring a handsome count.	”
    	— Count Olaf, The Bothersome Books - The Bad Beginning: Movie Tie-in Edition

33. ^ "The latest on Snicket sequel". moviehole.net. April 8, 2005. http://www.moviehole.net/news/5406.html. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
34. ^ "Interview Emily Browning - Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events". darkhorizons.com. December 13, 2004. http://www.darkhorizons.com/news04/lemony2.php. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
35. ^ Ditzian, Eric (June 3, 2009). "Lemony Snicket Director Brad Silberling Plans To Do Each Film In Different Medium". MTV News. http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2009/06/03/lemony-snicket-director-brad-silberling-plans-to-do-each-film-in-different-medium/. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
36. ^ Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. [DVD]. Paramount. April 26, 2005.
37. ^ "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events Game News". kidzworld.com. http://www.kidzworld.com/article/4923-lemony-snickets-a-series-of-unfortunate-events-game-news. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
38. ^ "The Bad Beginning". ypress.org. http://www.ypress.org/reviews/books/0064407667.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
39. ^ Jennifer Robinson (PDF). Life Isn’t Fair: Adult Lessons for Children from Dahl and Snicket. San Jose State University. http://66.102.1.104/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:kTVtCIXiZKUJ:www.blogger.com/r%3Fhttp://www.swellsville.org%252Fjen%252FDahlSnicket_Robinson.pdf+%22daniel+handler%22. Retrieved 2007-08-19.
40. ^ "Unhappily ever after". London: Times Online. December 18, 2004. http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/article403148.ece. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
41. ^ Mackey, Margaret (January 2003). "Risk, Safety, and Control in Young People's Reading Experiences". School Libraries Worldwide (Edmonton) 9 (1): 50.
42. ^ "Move over Harry Potter". London: The Guardian. December 4, 2001. http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/childrenandteens/story/0,6000,611852,00.html. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
43. ^ "2006 Banned Books Report" (PDF). ACLUTX. http://www.aclutx.org/files/2006%20Banned%20Books%20Report.pdf. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
44. ^ "The Snicket Letters". Books For Keeps. http://www.booksforkeeps.co.uk/issues/134/386. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
45. ^ Minzesheimer, Bob (2006-10-11). "Friday the 13th closes the book on Lemony Snicket". USAToday. http://www.usatoday.com/life/books/news/2006-10-10-lemony-snicket-main_x.htm. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
46. ^ "More Misery for Less Money - Lemony Snicket". findlaw.com. http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:J3Gwk2R7FCQJ:news.corporate.findlaw.com/prnewswire/20070503/03may20071319.html+For+the+first+time+since+they+began+ravaging+the+New+York+Times+bestseller+lists+353+weeks+ago,+the+books+in+A+Series+of+Unfortunate+Events+are+being+released+in+paperback+next+Tuesday,+May+8,+2007.&hl=en&client=firefox-a&gl=uk&strip=1. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
47. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #1: The Bad Beginning". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064407663/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_1_The_Bad_Beginning/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
48. ^ "ABA: The Book Sense Book of the Year". bookweb.org. http://www.bookweb.org/btw/awards/BSBY.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
49. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #3: The Wide Window". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064407687/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_3_The_Wide_Window/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
50. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #7: The Vile Village". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064408653/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_7_The_Vile_Village/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
51. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #8: The Hostile Hospital". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064408660/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_8_The_Hostile_Hospital/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
52. ^ "Kids' Choice Awards 2005". Nickelodeon. http://www.nick.com/all_nick/specials/kca_2005/kca05-vote.jhtml. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
53. ^ "The Quill Awards". thequills.org. http://www.thequills.org/2006.html. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
54. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #6: The Ersatz Elevator". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064408646/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_6_The_Ersatz_Elevator/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
55. ^ "A Series of Unfortunate Events #11: The Grim Grotto". HarperCollins. http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780064410144/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_11_hhhThe_Grim_Grotto/index.aspx. Retrieved 2007-09-05.

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